Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The difference between chemical formula and chemical equation needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Chemical formula is the expression of a molecule with some combination of symbols.
Chemical equation is the expression of a reaction in balanced form.
(b)
Interpretation:
The difference between
Concept introduction:
Stoichiometric coefficient is the number of moles of a particular species participating in a
(c)
Interpretation:
The difference between solute and solvent needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
In a solution, the species with more mole fraction is solvent and the one with less mole fraction is solute. A solution is formed by dissolving a solute in a solvent.
(d)
Interpretation:
The difference between actual yield and percent yield needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Actual yield of a reaction doesn’t give any information regarding the efficiency of the reaction. It gives the amount only.
But percent yield gives a clear idea about the efficiency of the method used for the synthesis.
(e)
Interpretation:
The difference between consecutive reactions and simultaneous reactions must be explained.
Concept introduction:
Consecutive reactions are those in which product of a reaction is acting as the starting material of another reaction.
Simultaneous reaction is kind of parallel reaction in which one species is reacting independently in many ways to give various products.
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General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
- Many over-the-counter antacid tablets are now formulated using calcium carbonate as the active ingredient, which enables such tablets to also be used as dietary calcium supplements. As an antacid for gastric hyperacidity, calcium carbonate reacts by combining with hydrochloric acid found in the stomach, producing a solution of calcium chloride, converting the stomach acid to water, and releasing carbon dioxide gas (which the person suffering from stomach problems may feel as a “burp”). Write the unbalanced chemical equation for this process.arrow_forwardMany over-the-counter antacid tablets are now formulated using calcium carbonate as die active ingredient, which enables such tablets to also be used as dietary calcium supplements. As an antacid for gastric hyperacidity, calcium carbonate reacts by combining with hydrochloric acid found in the stomach, producing a solution of calcium chloride, converting die stomach acid to water, and releasing carbon dioxide gas (which the person suffering from stomach problems may feel as a burp). Write die balanced chemical equation for this process.arrow_forwardAmmonia can be formed from a combination reaction of its elements. A small fraction of an unreacted mixture of elements is illustrated in the following diagram, in which white spheres represent hydrogen atoms and blue spheres represent nitrogen atoms. The temperature is such that all species are gases. a Write and balance the equation for the reaction. b Which of the following correctly represents the product mixture? c Which species is the limiting reactant? Explain.arrow_forward
- 4-89 If 7.0 kg of is added to 11.0 kg of to form which reactant is in excess?arrow_forwardWrite an equation from the following description: reactants are gaseous NH3 and O2, products are gaseous NO2 and liquid H2O, and the stoichiometric coefficients are 4, 7, 4, and 6, respectively.arrow_forwardOn Easter Sunday, April 3, 1983, nitric acid spilled from a tank car near downtown Denver, Colorado. The spill was neutralized with sodium carbonate: 2HNO3(aq)+Na2CO3(aq)2NaNO3(aq)+H2O(l)+CO2(g) a. Calculate H for this reaction. Approximately 2.0 104 gal nitric acid was spilled. Assume that the acid was an aqueous solution containing 70.0% HNO3 by mass with a density of 1.42 glcm3. What mass of sodium carbonate was required for complete neutralization of the spill, and what quantity of heat was evolved? (Hf for NaNO3(aq) = 467 kJ/mol) b. According to The Denver Post for April 4, 1983, authorities feared that dangerous air pollution might occur during the neutralization. Considering the magnitude of H, what was their major concern?arrow_forward
- 3.14 A number of compounds are used in cement, and reactions among them occur when water is added. In one, CaO reacts with Al2O3 and water to form Ca3Al2(OH)12. Write a bal- anced chemical equation for this process.arrow_forwardMethanol, CH3OH, is used in racing cars because it is a clean-burning fuel. It can be made by this reaction: CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(l) What is the percentage yield if 5.0103gH2 reacts with excess CO to form 3.5104gCH3OH ?arrow_forwardWhen steel wool (iron) is heated in pure oxygen gas, the steel wool bursts into flame and a fine powder consisting of a mixture of iron oxides ( FeO and Fe2O3 ) forms. Write separate unbalanced equations for the reaction of iron with oxygen to give each of these products.arrow_forward
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