Labor Economics
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021886
Author: George J Borjas
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 4, Problem 15P
a)
To determine
The effect of the elimination of payroll taxes on worker wages.
b)
To determine
The effect of the elimination of payroll taxes on employment costs.
c)
To determine
The effect of the elimination of payroll taxes on producer and worker surplus.
d)
To determine
The reason why workers disagree with the elimination of payroll taxes.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
If the tax elasticity of labor supply is 0.24, by what percentage will the quantity of labor supplied increase in response to
a. a $500 per person income tax rebate?multiple choice
A 4.8 percent increase
A 1.2 percent increase
No increase
A 2.4 percent increase
b. a 9 percent reduction in marginal tax rates?
%
(1) If the demand for product Y increases significantly, then
A- the demand for the labor used to make Y decreases. B-the quantity of labor supplied to produce Y will decrease. C-the supply of labor to produce Y will increase. D-only the quantity demanded of labor increases
E-the demand for the labor used to make Y increases
(2)If the wage in a perfectly competitive labor market is $15 and the marginal product of the last worker employed is 3 units, what must be the market price for the good being produced? Assume a perfectly competitive output market.
A- $5. B-$12. C-$15. D-$18. E-$45
Explain the relationship between the own-wage elasticity of labor demand and
output demand elasticity.
labour costs as a share of total costs of production.
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Suppose a firm purchases labor in a competitive labor market and sells its product in a competitive product market. The firm’s elasticity of demand for labor is -0.4. Suppose the wage increases by 5 percent. What will happen to the number of workers hired by the firm? What will happen to the marginal productivity of the last worker hired by the firm?arrow_forwardConsider the labour market for farms during the harvest season. Assume the market is perfectly competitive, with a labour demand function QD = 10-P and a labour supply function QS = 3P, where P is the wage. a) What are the consumer (farm owners) surplus and producer (farm workers) surplus in equilibrium? b) What is the price elasticity of demand at the equilibrium? c) Suppose the government subsides the farm owners (consumers) $1 for every unit of labour purchased. Then, compute the quantity of labour traded in the market, the wage received by the workers and the wage paid by the farm owners. d) Calculate the consumer surplus and producer surplus in the presence of the subsidy in part c).arrow_forwardIf labor supply is perfectly inelastic, the imposing a payroll tax that will be split between employers and employees will a) reduce employment. b) leave employment levels unchanged. c) cause the tax burden to fall exclusively on firms. d) cause the tax burden to fall exclusively on workers.arrow_forward
- The elasticity of demand for labor is an important factor in the analysis of the effect of the minimum wage because Elastic labor demand tells us the firm is likely to raise prices inelastic labor demand suggests increasing the minimum wage is less harmful to workers inelastic labor demand suggests increasing the minimum wage is more harmful to workers Inelastic labor supply tells us there will be more unemployment. Inelastic labor demand tells us there will be more unemployment.arrow_forwardInstitutions such as labor unions and large corporations are able to set wage rates without regard to the market forces of supply and demand. True Falsearrow_forwardBy drawing a diagram of labor demand and labor supply curves, illustrate how workers and firms share the benefits of employment subsidy. Employers can receive $t from the government for each worker they hire. Suppose that labor supply is perfectly inelastic while labor demand is very elastic (but not perfectly elastic). Who receives relatively more benefit? Or does one party receive the entire benefit? If so, who? Explaiarrow_forward
- A firm faces perfectly elastic demand for its output at a price of $6 per unit of output. The firm, however, faces an upward-sloping labor supply curve of E = 20w - 120 where E is the number of workers hired each hour and w is the hourly wage rate. Thus, the firm faces an upward-sloped marginal cost of labor curve of MCE = 6 + 0.1E Each hour of labor produces five units of output. How many workers should the firm hire each hour to maximize profits? What wage will the firm pay? What are the firm’s hourly profits?arrow_forwardWhen a competitive firm hired nine workers, its profits were $70. When it hired 10 workers, its output was went from 9 to 11 units. Each unit of output sold for $20 while the wage of each worker was $12. What is the firm's new profit level? > Question 11 In a conventional modeling of the minimum wage, the minimum wage has a greater impact on employment when demand is elastic rather than inelastic. False O Truearrow_forwardon Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per nour) shirts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be graded on any changes you make to this graph. Note: Once you enter a value in a white field, the graph and any corresponding amounts in each grey field will change accordingly. WAGE (Dollars per hour) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 0 Supply 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 LABOR (Number of workers) Tax Proposal Demand D-Tax Levied on Employers (Dollars per hour) 2 0 1 Graph Input Tool Market for Laboratory Aides Wage (Dollars per hour) Labor Levied on Workers (Dollars per hour) 0 2 1 Demanded (Number of workers) Quantity Hired (Number of workers) Demand…arrow_forward
- The demand curve for gardeners is G(D) = 19 – W, where G = the numberof gardeners, and W = the hourly wage. The supply curve is G(S) = 4 + 2 W . a. Suppose the town government imposes a $2 per hour tax on all gardeners. Indicate the effect of the tax on the market for gardeners.What is the effect on the equilibrium wage and the equilibrium number of gardeners hired? How much does the gardener receive? Howmuch does the customer pay? How much does the government receiveas tax revenue?arrow_forwardSuppose that demand is given by p=10Y^(-1/5) and labor supply is w=4L^(2) If marginal product is 10 and market price is 4 then a. What is the wage in a competitive market b. What is the wage in a market where the firm had monopoly power in the goods market c. What is the wage in a market where the firm has monopoly power in the goods marketarrow_forwardSuppose a firm's labor demand equation is Ld=50-4(w), and the labor supply equation that it faces is L, -14 + 4(w), where w is the wage per hour worked. The government imposes a minimum wage that is 25% above equilibrium wage. As a result there will be O an increase in unemployment by 26. a decrease in unemployment by 10. an increase in unemployment by 16. a decrease in unemployment by 12. O no change in unemploymentarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Exploring EconomicsEconomicsISBN:9781544336329Author:Robert L. SextonPublisher:SAGE Publications, Inc
Exploring Economics
Economics
ISBN:9781544336329
Author:Robert L. Sexton
Publisher:SAGE Publications, Inc