Introduction To Health Physics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780071835275
Author: Johnson, Thomas E. (thomas Edward), Cember, Herman.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.16P
To determine
The comparison of specific activities of
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Find the radius of a nucleus of
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92
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16
8
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a.
238
92
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16
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Technetium has not been found in nature. It can be obtained readily as a product of uranium fission in nuclear power plants, however, and is now produced in quantities of many kilograms per year. One medical use relies on the tendency of 99mTc (an excited nuclear state of 99Tc) to concentrate in abnormal heart tissue. Calculate the total activity (in disintegrations per second) caused by the decay of 1.0 mg of 99mTc, which has a half-life of 6.0 hours.
The isotope of Nickel, 66Ni decays by β emission, has a half-life of 2.3 days. and the β particles have an average energy of 65 keV. A source consisting of this isotope has an initial number of atoms N0 = 5 x 1020 atoms.
What is the power per unit area initially deposited by this source in a small target placed at 1m distance from the source?
Select one:
a. 1.45 W/m2
b. 7.6 MW/m2
c. 4.5 kW/m2
d. 35 W/m2
Chapter 4 Solutions
Introduction To Health Physics
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.1PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4PCh. 4 - If we start with 5 mg of 210Pb , what would be the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.6PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.7PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.9PCh. 4 - For use in carcinogenesis studies, benzo(a)pyrene...
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4 - Calculate the number of beta particles emitted per...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4 - How much 234U is there in 1 metric ton of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.16PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.17PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.18PCh. 4 - The mean concentration of potassium in crustal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.20PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.22PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.25PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.26PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.27PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.28PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.31PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.32PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.33PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.34PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.35PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.36PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.37PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.39PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.40PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.41PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.42PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43PCh. 4 - What is the (a) half-life? (b) mean life (in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.45PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.48PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.49PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.53PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.54PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.55P
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- The radioactive isotope, 14 6 C does not occur naturally but it is found at constant rate by the action of cosmic rays on the atmosphere. It is taken up by plants and animals and deposited in the body structure along with natural carbon, but this process stops at death. The charcoal from the fire pit of an ancient camp has an activity due to 146C of 12.9 disintegrations per minute, per gram of carbon. If the percentage of 146C compared with normal Carbon in living trees is 1.35 × 10−10%, the decay constant is 3.92 × 10−10 s−1 and the atomic weight = 12.0, what is the age of the campsite?arrow_forwardIdentify Z, N, and A for the following isotopes: Part A 238 U Express your answers as integers separated by commas. Z, N, A= Submit Part B Z, N, A = ΠΑΕΙ ΑΣΦ + 239 Pu Express your answers as integers separated by commas. Submit Request Answer IVE ΑΣΦ Request Answer P Pearson ? ?arrow_forwardA neutron generator uses an source, such as radium, tobombard beryllium, inducing the reaction 4He + 9Be → 12C + n . Such neutron sources are called RaBe sources, or PuBe sources if they use plutonium to get the α s. Calculate the energy output of the reaction in MeV.arrow_forward
- In a high-energy electron scattering experiment on the nucleus, a scientist has scientist has possibilities to use energies of 200, 2000 and 20000 MeV. Which energy should the scientist use? Do the calculations and give the necessary arguments to show why the scientist makes the right decision.arrow_forwardThe radioactive isotope, C does not occur naturally but it is found at con- stant rate by the action of cosmic rays on the atmosphere. It is taken up by plants and animals and deposited in the body structure along with natural carbon, but this process stops at death. The charcoal from the fire pit of an ancient camp has an activity due to 4C of 12.9 disintegrations per minute, per gram of carbon. If the percentage of 14C compared with normal Carbon in living trees is 1.35 × 10-¹⁰%, the decay constant is 3.92 × 10−¹⁰ s¯¹ and the atomic weight = 12.0, what is the age of the campsite? [University of Liverpool]arrow_forwardMany transuranium elements, such as neptunium-240, have very short half-lives. (For 240 Np, the half-life is 62 minutes.) However, some, like uranium-233 (half-life is 1.59 x 10° years), have relatively long half-lives. Use the masses given in the following table to calculate the change in energy when 1 mole of 240 Np nuclei and I mole of 23U nuclei are each formed from their respective number of protons and neutrons. Atom or Particle Atomic Mass Neutron 1.67493 x 10-24 g Proton 1.67262 x 10-24 g Electron 9.10939 x 10-28 240 Np 3.98623 x 102 233 U 3.86972 x 10 2"g (Since the masses of 240 Np and 23 U are atomic masses, they each include the mass of the electrons present. The mass of the nucleus will be the atomic mass minus the mass of the electrons.) 240 Submit Answer Try Another Version 9 item attempts remainingarrow_forward
- How many kilograms of water are needed to obtain the198.8 mol of deuterium, assuming that deuterium is0.01500% (by number) of natural hydrogen?arrow_forwardHere are the answers for the attached question. (a) 17.5 MeV per fusion; (b) 1.69 x 106 MJ/mol of He; Can you please show me how you calulated the answers for the attached question? Thank you.arrow_forward239 Pu decays by alpha emission with a half-life of 2.41 × 104 y. Compute the power output, in watts, which could be obtained from 1.00 g of 239 Pu.arrow_forward
- a) The ILL powder diffractometer uses the pyrolytic graphite (002) Bragg reflection to monochromatize the incident neutron beam from the “white” spectrum of the reactor, what is the ki of the neutron beam? What is the Ei in unit of meV? The lattice parameter c = 6.71 Å for pyrolytic graphite (PG).b) When the Ge (311) monochromator is switched in, what is the ki and what is the Ei? Germanium crystalizes in a cubic structure of the lattice parameter a = 5.66 Å.c) Silicone also crystalizes in a cubic structure of lattice parameter a = 5.43 Å, which of itsBragg peaks of the type (311), (622), (933), ... , (3n,n,n) can be measured using a) PG(002) or b) Ge (311) monochromator?arrow_forwardThe nuclear density of deuterium has a radial dependence given by P = Por-²e-2kr, where, k-¹ = 2.3 F. Evaluate: Rrms Sorpdr Sor²pdrarrow_forwardnucleus emits an alpha particle with kinetic evergy = 4.20 MeV. What is the daughter nucleus, and what is the approximate atomic mass (in u) of the daughter atom? ignore recoil of the daughter nucleus. if the image doesnt come up properly it is 92^238 Uarrow_forward
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