Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 4, Problem 9P
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The ABO, Rhesus (Rh) and MN blood group systems.
Determination of the following aspects from the given information:
a. The genotypes for a child with a blood group – A, Rh-, M
Woman – O, Rh-, MN
Man – A, Rh+, M.
b. The proportion of children born to a man with genotype IAIB Rr MN and woman with IAi Rr NN will have blood types B Rh- MN.
c. Paternity of a child having blood group O Rh- MN with a man having blood group B Rh+ N, a woman with A Rh+ MN.
Introduction:
A) ABO blood group system- The human blood group system is classified using antigens present on the RBC's (Red blood cells or erythrocyte). ABO blood types were revealed by the Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner (1901). ABO blood group is characterized under multiple alleles that show three or more alternative forms of a gene present on the same locus.
B) Rh blood group system:
Rhesus factor or Rhesus antigen is another isoantigen of RBC. It is the second most blood group system after ABO blood group system. The “Rh” factor is first described in Rhesus monkeys. The expression of Rh factors is denoted in Rh+ - expressed (antigen present), Rh- - deletion of the protein leads to the suppression of antigen (absence of antigen). The Rh factor is crucial during transfusion of blood from a donor to a recipient.
If the donor's Rh factor does not match with that of the recipient, it will lead to a transfusion reaction that causes hemolytic anemia. During pregnancy, Rh factor testing is very essential.
- Rh + can accept the donation of either Rh+ or Rh-.
- Rh- can only accept Rh- blood, or it will agglutinate.
C) MN blood group system-
MN blood group is discovered by Landsteiner and Levine. The MN Blood groups genes are closely linked genes present on chromosome 4. The alleles M and N show co-dominance that can have both
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A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative and is designated by the alleles R and r, respectively. A third gene for the MN blood group has codominant alleles M and N.
If both children are of blood type M in addition to their ABO blood type, list all of the possible parental phenotypes for the ABO, MN and Rh traits.
What would the offspring's blood type be if the mother is type O+ (she is homozygous for Rh factor) and the father is A- (he is homozygous for type A)? Hint: You have to do two Punnett squares. The two Punnett squares must be shown to get the full points. After doing the Punnett squares, write down the possibilities of the offspring’s blood type.
The mother of a family with 10 children has blood typeRh+. She also has a very rare condition (elliptocytosis,phenotype E) that causes red blood cells to be oval rather than round in shape but that produces no adverseclinical effects. The father is Rh− (lacks the Rh+ antigen)and has normal red blood cells (phenotype e). The children are 1 Rh+ e, 4 Rh+ E, and 5 Rh− e. Information isavailable on the mother’s parents, who are Rh+ E andRh− e. One of the 10 children (who is Rh+ E) marriessomeone who is Rh+ e, and they have an Rh+ E child.a. Draw the pedigree of this whole family.b. Is the pedigree in agreement with the hypothesisthat the Rh+ allele is dominant and Rh− is recessive?c. What is the mechanism of transmission ofelliptocytosis?d. Could the genes governing the E and Rh phenotypesbe on the same chromosome? If so, estimate the mapdistance between them, and comment on your result
Chapter 4 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 4 - 1. Define and distinguish incomplete penetrance...Ch. 4 -
2. Define and distinguish epistasis and...Ch. 4 - When working on barley plants, two researchers...Ch. 4 - Fifteen bacterial colonies growing on a complete...Ch. 4 - 5. In a type of parakeet known as a “budgie,”...Ch. 4 - 6. The and blood groups are given below for four...Ch. 4 - The wild-type color of horned beetles is black,...Ch. 4 - 8. Two genes interact to produce various...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9PCh. 4 - 10. In rats, gene produces black coat color if the...
Ch. 4 - 11. In the rats identified in Problem, a third...Ch. 4 - Using the information provided in Problems 10 and...Ch. 4 - 13. Total cholesterol in blood is reported as the...Ch. 4 - 14. Flower color in snapdragons results from the...Ch. 4 - 5. A plant line with reduced fertility comes to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16PCh. 4 - The coat color in mink is controlled by two...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18PCh. 4 - 19. Feather color in parakeets is produced by the...Ch. 4 - Brachydactyly type D is a human autosomal dominant...Ch. 4 - 21. A male and a female mouse are each from...Ch. 4 - Xerodermapigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal...Ch. 4 - 23. Three strains of green-seeded lentil plants...Ch. 4 - Blue flower color is produced in a species of...Ch. 4 - 25. The following crosses are performed between...Ch. 4 - Two pure-breeding strains of summer squash...Ch. 4 - Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder...Ch. 4 - 28. Yeast are single-celled eukaryotic organisms...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29PCh. 4 - Dr. Ara B. Dopsis and Dr. C. Ellie Gans are...Ch. 4 - Human ABO blood type is determined by three...Ch. 4 - In rabbits, albinism is an autosomal recessive...Ch. 4 - Dr. O. Sophila, a close friend of Dr. Ara B....Ch. 4 - In a breed of domestic cattle, horns can appear on...Ch. 4 - Prob. 35PCh. 4 - Prob. 36PCh. 4 - 37. Epistatic gene interaction results in a...Ch. 4 - 38. Draw a pedigree containing two parents and...
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- Several genes in humans in addition to the ABO gene () give rise to recognizable antigens on the surface of the red blood cells. The Rh marker is determined by positive (R) and negative alleles () of gene R, where R is completely dominant to r. The presence of M and N surface proteins are controlled by two codominant alleles of gene L (LM and LM. For each mother-child pair, choose the father of the child from among the males in the right column. (Assume that all mothers and fathers are HH; there is no involvement of the Bombay phenotype.) Paternal genotypes maybe used once, more than once, or not at all. Each mother-child pair matches with one or more than one paternal genotype. Maternal phenotype: Child phenotype: Paternal genotype: Reset A, M, Rh(neg) O, M, Rh(pos) B, N, Rh(neg) O, N, Rh(pos) O, M, Rh(neg) A, MN, Rh(pos) A, N, Rh(pos) AB, MN, Rh(pos) B, N, Rh(pos) A, MN, Rh(neg) Genotypes of possible fathers AiLMLN rr BiLMLN RR ii LNLN rr ii LMLM rr AALMLN RRarrow_forwardIn blood groups, Rh positive blood is dominant (R) over the gene for Rh negative blood (r). What types of offspring could be expected for an Rh positive AB woman, (whose father was Rh negative), who marries a man with heterozygous A positive blood?arrow_forwardSeveral genes in humans in addition to the ABO gene(I) give rise to recognizable antigens on the surface ofred blood cells. The MN and Rh genes are two examples. The Rh locus can contain either a positive or anegative allele, with positive being dominant to negative. M and N are codominant alleles of the MN gene.The following chart shows several mothers and theirchildren. For each mother-child pair, choose the fatherof the child from among the males in the right column, assuming one child per male.Mother Child Malesa. O M Rh(pos) B MN Rh(neg) O M Rh(neg)b. B MN Rh(neg) O N Rh(neg) A M Rh(pos)c. O M Rh(pos) A M Rh(neg) O MN Rh(pos)d. AB N Rh(neg) B MN Rh(neg) B MN Rh(pos)arrow_forward
- A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative and is designated by the alleles R and r, respectively. A third gene for the MN blood group has co dominant alleles M and N. If both children are of blood type M in addition to their ABO blood type, list all of the possible parental phenotypes for the ABO, MN and Rh traits.arrow_forwardThis problem refers to the MN and ABO loci mentioned in class. It also refers to the Rh locus, which is responsible for the positive/negative part of the blood type. The Rh+ allele is dominant to the Rh- allele at this locus. Select all couples who could be the parents of a child with phenotype N, AB- based on the phenotypes at these three loci If none of these couples could be the parents of this child, select "None of These. Select one or more: Mother Type MN, B+ and Father Type N. O+ Ob Mother Type MN, AB- and Father Type M, O- Mother Type M, A+ and Father Type N, B- O d. None of These Mother Type MN, O+ and Father Type MN,A-arrow_forwardA child with the "B positive” blood type is known to be a heterozygote at both the ABO blood type gene and also the Rh blood type gene. What is the genotype of this child at these two genes?arrow_forward
- O. 2 Hemophilia A is an X-linked trait where blood clotting is affected due to a mutation in a clotting factor protein. Georgio has hemophilia and attends a support group where he meets Gbenga, who does not have the disease, but whose father has hemophilia. Her mother is not affected. A) If they marry, what percentage % of all their children will have hemophilia? % B) Georgio meets another woman, Maria, at the hemophilia support group. Maria also lacks the trait, but her mother has hemophilia while her father is unaffected. # 3 Would a Georgio-Maria mating provide a larger chance of having afflicted children compared to a Georgio-Gbenga mating? C) Show how you came up with your answer to B. Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt ✓ 80 F3 V Paragraph ✓ $ 4 Yes or No 000 000 F4 DO LO % 5 BIUAV T² | F5 ^ MacBook Air 6 2 F6 V & 7 F7 * 8 DII F8 ( 9 DD F9 1 0 S Farrow_forwardBlood types in humans are caused by a combination of two of three possible alleles - IA, IB, and i. The i allele is recessive and individuals homozygous for this allele have blood types O. Blood type A may be due to either homozygous condition or the IA i Blood type AB is caused by having a copy of both the IA and IB alleles. Rh factor is another “marker” on human red blood cells and is either positive (dominant—RR or Rr) or negative (recessive—rr). Franks has blood type A-negative. Frank’s father is B-positive and his mother is AB-positive. Frank marries Susan, a woman that is B-positive. Susan’s mother is A-negative and her father is AB-positive. Give the genotype of all of the individuals mentioned above. b. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring from this marriagearrow_forwardA woman homozygous for normal height, with freckles, almond-shaped eyes, small nose, and Type A blood, has a Type O mother with no freckles and a type AB father with round eyes. She is engaged to a man with achondroplasia, round eyes and medium sized nose. Unlike his father, hismother is of normal height. Both his parents have Type O blood but nobody from both sides of his family has or had freckles. a. Write the COMPLETE genotypes of the man and the woman. Clearly indicate which genotype belongs to whom. b. Based on their genotypes, what is the probability that they will have: b.1 a child with Achondroplasia? b.2 a child of normal height? b.3 a child with type AB blood? b.4 a daughter with round eyes, freckles, and medium sized nose? b.5 a son with almond eyes, no freckles, and small nose?b.6 a daughter with same genotype as the woman? b.7 a son with same genotype as the man?arrow_forward
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