Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Question
Chapter 5, Problem 7QAP
To determine
The position of the spectrum of the star that has the temperature of
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Astronomers use two basis properties of stars to classify them. These two properties are luminosity and surface temperature. Luminosity usually refers to the brightness of the star relative to the brightness of our sun. Astronomers will often use a star’s color to measure its temperature. Stars with low temperatures produce a reddish light while stars with high temperatures shine with a brilliant blue—white light. Surface temperatures of stars range from 3000o C to 50,000o C. When these surface temperatures are plotted against luminosity, the stars fall into groups. Using the data similar to what you will plot in this activity, Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung and United States astronomer Henry Norris Russell independently arrived at similar results in what is now commonly referred to as the HR Diagram.
Procedures:1. Read the Background Information
2. On the graph paper provided. Place a number next to the star according to its luminosity and surface temperature listed in the data…
Tutorial
Star A has a temperature of 5,000 K and Star B has a temperature of 6,000 K. At what wavelengths (in nm) will each of these star's intensity be at its maximum?
If the temperatures of the stars increase, the wavelength of maximum intensity.
What is the temperature (in K) of a star that appears most intense at a wavelength of 829 nm?
Part 1 of 4
Wien's Law tells us how the temperature of a star determines the wavelength of maximum intensity or at what wavelength the star appears brightest.
2.90 x 106
TK
If the temperature is in kelvin (K) then A is in nanometers (nm).
Anm
^A =
AB =
=
Part 2 of 4
To determine the wavelengths of maximum intensity for the two stars:
2.90 x 106
2.90 x 106
K
nm
nm
A star has a measured radial velocity of 300 km/s.
If you measure the wavelength of a particular
spectral line of Hydrogen as 657.18 nm, what was
the laboratory wavelength (in nm) of the line?
(Round your answer to at least one decimal place.)
nm
Which spectral line does this likely correspond to?
Balmer-alpha (656.3 nm)
Balmer-beta (486.1 nm)
Balmer-gamma (434.0 nm)
Balmer-del ta (410.2 nm)
Chapter 5 Solutions
Understanding Our Universe
Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 5.1CYUCh. 5.2 - Prob. 5.2CYUCh. 5.3 - Prob. 5.3CYUCh. 5.4 - Prob. 5.4CYUCh. 5.5 - Prob. 5.5CYUCh. 5.6 - Prob. 5.6CYUCh. 5 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 4QAP
Ch. 5 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 6QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 7QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 8QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 9QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 10QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 11QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 12QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 13QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 14QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 15QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 16QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 17QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 18QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 19QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 20QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 21QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 22QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 23QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 25QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 27QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 28QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 29QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 30QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 31QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 32QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 34QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 35QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 36QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 37QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 38QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 39QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 40QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 41QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 42QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 43QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 44QAPCh. 5 - Prob. 45QAP
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- Tutorial Star A has a temperature of 5,000 K. How much energy per second (in J/s/m2) does it radiate from a square meter of its surface? If the temperature of Star A decreases by a factor of 2, the energy will decrease by a factor of Star B has a temperature that is 5 times higher than Star A. How much more energy per second (compared to Star A) does it radiate from a square meter of its surface? Part 1 of 4 The energy of a star is related to its temperature by E = GT4 where σ = 5.67 x 10-8 J/s/m2/K4. Part 2 of 4 To determine how much energy Star A is radiating, we just plug in the temperature to solve for EA. EA = J/s/m² Submit Skip (you cannot come back)arrow_forwardTutorial Star A has a temperature of 6,000 K. How much energy per second (in J/s/m²) does it radiate onto a square meter of its surface? If the temperature of Star A decreases by a factor of 2, the energy will decrease by a factor of Star B has a temperature that is 5 times higher than Star A. How much more energy per second (compared to Star A) does it radiate onto a square meter of its surface? Part 1 of 4 The energy of a star is related to its temperature by E = OTA where o = 5.67 x 10-8 J/s/m²/K4. Part 2 of 4 To determine how much energy Star A is radiating, we just plug in the temperature to solve for EA. EA J/s/m²arrow_forwardSpectral types are an indicator of temperature. For the first 10 stars in Appendix J, the list of the brightest stars in our skies, estimate their temperatures from their spectral types. Use information in the figures and/or tables in this chapter and describe how you made the estimates.arrow_forward
- At the average density of the interstellar medium, 1 atom per cm3, how big a volume of material must be used to make a star with the mass of the Sun? What is the radius of a sphere this size? Express your answer in light-years.arrow_forwardDescribe the spectrum of each of the following: A. starlight reflected by dust, B. a star behind invisible interstellar gas, and C. an emission nebula.arrow_forwardWhat elements are stars mostly made of? How do we know this?arrow_forward
- What are the largest- and smallest-known values of the mass, luminosity, surface temperature, and diameter of stars (roughly)?arrow_forwardAs a star runs out of hydrogen to fuel nuclear fusion in its core, changes within the star usually cause it to leave the main sequence, expanding and cooling as it does so. Would a star with a radius 6 times that of the Sun, but a surface temperature 0.4 times that of the Sun, be more, or less luminous than the Sun? Show and explain your reasoning. You may assume the surface area of a sphere is A = 4πr2.arrow_forwardWhy don’t we see hydrogen Balmer lines in the spectra of stars with temperatures of 3,200 K? a. There is no hydrogen in stars this cool. b. The stars are hot enough that most of the hydrogen is ionized and the atoms cannot absorb energy. c. These stars are so cool that nearly all of the hydrogen atoms are in the ground state. d. Stars of this temperature are too cool to produce an absorption spectrum. e. Stars of this temperature are too hot to produce an absorption spectrum.arrow_forward
- . The spectrum of Star A peaks at 700 nm. The spectrum of Star B peaks at 470 nm. We know nothing about what stage of stellar evolution either of these stars are in. Which of the following are true? A. Star A has a higher luminosity than Star B. B. Star B has a higher luminosity than Star A. C. Star A is cooler than Star B. D. Not enough information to comment on their luminosities. E. B and C F. C and Darrow_forwardThe H-R diagram is the most important graph in astronomy. One of the reasons that this graph is so powerful is the number of different kinds of data it shows. Most graphs show two types of data. The H-R diagram shows seven. Can you name these 7 types of information about stars that appear on the H-R diagram?arrow_forwardA star has a measured radial velocity of 100 km/s. If you measure the wavelength of a particular spectral line of Hydrogen as 486.42 nm, what was the laboratory wavelength (in nm) of the line? (Round your answer to at least one decimal place.) Which spectral line does this likely correspond to? Balmer-alpha (656.3 nm) Balmer-beta (486.1 nm) Balmer-gamma (434.0 nm) Balmer-delta (410.2 nm)arrow_forward
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