Experiments have shown that, for airflow at
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
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- ha5.52 An astronaut in an excursion module approaches a space station docking coilar. The designer of the collar incorporated a spring to attenuate the shock due to docking. The spring constant is k = 4800 N/m. The combined mass of the astronaut and mod- ule is 780 kg. If the module contacts the docking collar moving at 0.1 m/s relative to the collar, what distance is required for the spring to decrease its relative velocity to zero? What is the mod- ule's maximum relative deceleration? Excursion module Docking collar P15.52arrow_forwardAir is compressed by a compressor in steady-state operation, i.e. the inlet mass flow rate qm is constant in time. The compressor is airtight. The area of the inlet and outlet cross-section is A and AOUT, respectively. The outlet-to-inlet density ratio is PouT PIN the outlet-to-inlet mass flow rate ratio is 9m-OUT/9m-IN- What is the outlet-to-inlet volume flow rate ratio? 9V-OUT/av-IN =? Select one: a. 9V-OUT/av-IN = (A OUT'A IN) (POUT PIN b. 9V-OUT/av-IN = PIN/POUT C. 9V-OUT/av-IN = 9m-OUT/ 9m-IN d. 9V-OUT/av-IN=AOUTAINarrow_forwardThe characteristics of a centrifugal pump operating at 1000 rpm is given by H=45-2100². The system characteristics may be represented by H = 28+3200². The units for volume flow rate Q and head H are m³/s and m, respectively. Assume the validity of the pump similarity laws. When one pump operating at 2000 rpm is used, with the system characteristics remaining unchanged, the operating volume flow rate is m³/s. X 0.179 Correct Answer: 0.5355arrow_forward
- Q2: A 1.78 L four-stroke petrol engine was tested at 2500 rpm. The developed brake power is 28 kW and the brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) is 290 g/kW.hr. Air consumption is measured by means of air-box method with orifice diameter 3.2-cm and discharge coefficient 0.62 and the pressure difference across the orifice is 150-mm-water. The ambient pressure and the temperature in the test room is 101 kPa and 20 °C. Assume: CV = 43.9 MJ/kg, PH20 =10³ kg/m³, comb = 98%, mech = 87%. (i) Determine the bmep, AFR, №v, power loss as friction, th,b. (ii) draw up the heat balance sheet on percentage basis, if the cooling water flow is 15 kg/min; rise in temperature of cooling water is 33 °C; exhaust gas temperature is 485 °C; Cpw is 4.2 kJ/kg.K and Cpexh is 1.25 kJ/kg.K.arrow_forwardFor the piping system shown below, water is flowing from left to right at steady-state and constant temperature. You may assume the flow is frictionless. The pipe diameter is larger in section A than section B. The diameters of sections A and C are the same. If gravitation and frictional effects are negligible, which of the following relationships is true about the static pressure in sections A and B? Pc Ps Flow section A section B section C OPA Pg because pressure decreases as velocity increases at steady-state OPA = Pg because friction is assumed to be negligiblearrow_forward4. Water and acetone are mixed in a tank of volume V = 1 m³. Water (density of pw = 1 g/cm?, specific heat at constant pressure Cpw = 4.18 kJ/(kg K)) enters the tank through a pipe of cross section A1 at a speed u =1 m/s and temperature T = 20°C. Acetone (density of pa = 0.784 g/cm³, specific heat at constant pressure Cpa = 2.15 k.J/(kg K)) enters the mixing tank through a pipe of cross section A, = 5 cm?, at a speed u2 = 0.5 m/s and temperature T2 = 20°C. Heating coils maintain a temperature T the tank. Stirrers provide 50 kW of work. The water acetone mixture is extracted through a pipe of cross section Az = 7 cm?. Note that internal energy per unit mass is calculated as e = C,T – p/p. 10 cm?, 40°C within (a) Calculate the exit velocity of the mixture uz. (b) Calculate the mixture density at the exit pm. (c) Calculate the head added per unit time Q. Note that the mixture specific heat is Pwl1A1Cp,w + Pal2 A2C,,a Cp,m = Pm U3 A3arrow_forward
- A thermodynamic steady flow system receives 11 lbm/s of a viscous fluid where P1 = 40 psi, ρ1 = 70 lbm/ft^3, V1 = 350 ft/s, and u1 = 227 lbf/lbm. The elevation of the inflow is at zero-elevation. The fluid leaves the system at 100-foot elevation at a boundary where P2 = 18 psi, ρ2 = 80 lbm/ft^3, V2 = 400 ft/s, and u2 = 150 ft-lbf/lbm. During passage through the system, the work done by the fluid is 90 ft-lbf/lbm. Determine the heat added/rejected to/by the system. Assume g = 31.20 ft/s^2.arrow_forwardThe power output of an adiabatic steam turbine is 4 MW, and the inlet and outlet conditions of the steam are given below. Perform the following calculations: a) Calculate Ah, Ake, Ape (in kJ/kg) and the mass flow rate of the steam in kg/s. Inlet parameters Outlet parameters P1 = 2 MPa P2 = 10 kPa T1 = 400 °C V1 = 52 m/s 21 = 8 m X2 = 80% V2 = 182 m/s 22 = 4 m g = 9.81 m/s2 P V Steam turbine Wout i lisarrow_forward5.17 In the liquid heating tank shown in the figure below, density = 0.8g/cm^3, V=500cm^3, Cp=0.5cal/(g C), the total heat transfer area of the heating coil is 20cm^2, and the total heat transfer coefficient is 10cal/ (cm^2 hr C). Inside the coil, hot oil flows with a temperature of Tq. Find the temperature T(t) of the fluid when the temperature of the oil changes as shown in the figure at any moment, ignoring the temperature difference between the surface of the heating coil and the oil.arrow_forward
- Assume 2.5 kg/s of fluid enter a steady-state, steady-flow system with pressure p1 = 700 kPaa, density ρ1 = 3.2 kg/m3, velocity v1 = 30 m/s, specific internal energy u1 = 1 856.8 kJ/kg, and leave with p2 = 138 kPaa, ρ2 = 0.81 kg/m3, v2 = 150 m/s and u2 = 1 810.4 kJ/kg. During passage through the open system, each kilogram rejects 23.2 kJ of heat. Find the power in kW. (whole number)arrow_forwardAssume 2.5 kg/s of fluid enter a steady-state, steady-flow system with pressure p1 = 700 kPaa, density ρ1 = 3.2 kg/m3, velocity v1 = 30 m/s, specific internal energy u1 = 1 856.8 kJ/kg, and leave with p2 = 138 kPaa, ρ2 = 0.81 kg/m3, v2 = 150 m/s and u2 = 1 810.4 kJ/kg. During passage through the open system, each kilogram rejects 23.2 kJ of heat. Find the power in kW.arrow_forwardThe characteristics of a centrifugal pump operating at 1000 rpm is given by H=45-21002. The system characteristics may be represented by H = 28+3200². The units for volume flow rate Q and head H are m³/s and m, respectively. Assume the validity of the pump similarity laws. When one pump operating at 2000 rpm is used, with the system characteristics remaining unchanged, the operating volume flow rate is m³/s.arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning