(a)
To determine: The effect on the reaction rate if the concentration of ethanol gets doubled in the given reaction of tert-butyl ether and ethanol.
Interpretation: The effect on the reaction rate if the concentration of ethanol gets doubled in the given reaction of tert-butyl ether and ethanol is to be predicted.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one
The nucleophilic reaction contains only a substrate as a reactant not a nucleophile which means a unimolecular nucleophilic reaction is termed as
(b)
To determine: The effect on the reaction rate if the concentration of tert-butyl ether gets tripled and the concentration of ethanol gets doubled in the given reaction.
Interpretation: The effect on the reaction rate if the concentration of tert-butyl ether gets tripled and the concentration of ethanol gets doubled in the given reaction is to be predicted.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. There are two types of substitution reaction. First one is electrophilic substitution reaction in which electrophile is present as a reagent and second one is nucleophilic substitution reaction in which nucleophile is present as a reagent.
The nucleophilic reaction contains only a substrate as a reactant not a nucleophile which means a unimolecular nucleophilic reaction is termed as
(c)
To determine: The effect on the reaction rate if the temperature of the given reaction gets raised.
Interpretation: The effect on the reaction rate if the temperature of the given reaction gets raised is to be predicted.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. There are two types of substitution reaction. First one is electrophilic substitution reaction in which electrophile is present as a reagent and second one is nucleophilic substitution reaction in which nucleophile is present as a reagent.
The nucleophilic reaction contains only a substrate as a reactant not a nucleophile which means a unimolecular nucleophilic reaction is termed as
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
- The following is a concerted, bimolecular reaction: CH3Br + NaCN ->CH3CN + NaBr.a. What is the rate equation for this reaction?b. What happens to the rate of the reaction if [CH3Br] is doubled?c. What happens to the rate of the reaction if [NaCN] is halved?d. What happens to the rate of the reaction if [CH3Br] and [NaCN] are both increased by a factor of five?arrow_forwardSECTION 6: Show the mechanism of each reactions with arrows and intermediates form as in a. b. C. HBr Br₂ Cl₂, H₂O Br Br CI Br OHarrow_forward27. Draw a circle around the compound that reacts most rapidly with NaN3 in DMSO and draw a rectangle around the molecule that reacts most slowly with NaN3 in DMSO. Br Br Br 28. Draw a circle around the compound that reacts most rapidly with NaOAc in HOAC and draw a rectangle around the molecule that reacts most slowly with NaOAc in HOAC. Br Br Br ***||arrow_forward
- In the acid catalyzed halogenation of ketones, what is the rate determining step? A. The first step: protonation of the ketone. B. The very last step in the mechanism, namely, loss of a hydrogen ion to form the product. C. Loss of a proton from the alpha-carbon of the protonated ketone to form an enol intermediate. D. Attachment of a halogen molecule to the enol intermediate.arrow_forwardThe rate of reaction was determined at a temperature of 30°C. If the temperature was increased to 50°C, how much faster is this reaction rate? a. double b. triple c. quadruple d. 8x as fastarrow_forwardWhat is the effect of halving the amount of 2-bromo-2-methylpropan Br HO, heat a. the reaction rate is doubled b. the reaction rate stayed the same the reaction rate is halved d. the reaction rate is quadrupledarrow_forward
- Which of the following reaction may have a different reaction mechanism compared to the others? a. Hydration b. Hydrohalogenation c. Halogenation d. Ether formationarrow_forward9. Consider the pair of reactions below to answer the following question(s). КОН a. CH,CH,NH2 CH=CH, heat or КОН CH;CH,OTos CH=CH, heat 1. Which reaction above is faster and why? II. Doubling the concentration of potassium hydroxide in these reactions: a. causes the reaction mechanism to change b. halves the rate of reaction C. has no effect on the rate of reaction d. doubles the rate of reaction IL The mechanism for these reactionsis: a. SN2 b. E2 C. SN1 d. E1 b.arrow_forwardDraw the structure for the transition state in each reaction. а. OH2 H20 b. HO, -OH H20arrow_forward
- What is the effect of doubling the concentration of ethyl bromide in the second step of this reaction? the reaction rate decreases by half the reaction rate stays the same HO 1. NaH the reaction rate doubles 2. Br the reaction rate quadruplesarrow_forwardDraw the energy diagram of the following reaction (label and draw reactants, intermediates, and products). Label transition state of the rate limiting step and draw the transition state of the rate determining step. Is it a concerted or stepwise reaction? Write the rate law for this reaction. How do we increase the reaction rate? If we use deutrium-tert-butyl bromide such as (CD3)3CBr instead of (CH3)3CBr, will it increase or decrease the reaction rate? Or there is no meaningful rate change. Write reasons for your answer. Draw mechanisms for reactions by drawing arrows and intermediates.arrow_forward2. The bromination of 2-butene is an exergonic reaction. Br H3C. Br2 CH3 CH3 Br a. Draw the mechanism for the reaction (you may ignore the stereochemistry for this question). b. In the mechanism drawn above, identify any intermediates. C. How many transition states are involved in the above mechanism? Without drawing the transition state(s), indicate where they occur in the mechanism. d. Which of the following reaction co-ordinate diagrams best illustrates this reaction? Explain briefly. On the diagram, draw the structures of the reactants, products and intermediates at the correct locations on the diagram and indicate which position(s) correspond to the transition state(s). Page 18 of 19 EYRERIMENT 7: BROMINATION OF CINNAMIC ACID WINTER 2022arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning