SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260172195
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 19RAC
Given the conditions:
(1) low ATP levels
(2) little or no transpot of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
(3) release of cross-bridge
(4) Na accumulation in the sarcoplasm
(5) formation of cross-bridges
Choose the conditions that occur in both physiological contracture and rigor mortis.
a. 1,2.3 c. 1,2,3,4 e. 1,2.3,4,5
b. 1,2,5 d. 1,2,4,5
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Considering the Length-Tension Relationship of skeletal muscle fibers, over stretching a
muscle fiber or not stretching a muscle fiber enough, results ina decrease in force developed
(during contraction) because:
27.
A. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an “under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow
Calcium, from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, to adequately diffuse into the cytoplasm.
B. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an "under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow an
optimum amount of contact and overlap for the contractile proteins.
C. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an“under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow the
Action Potential to reach the troponin-activation channels.
D. An "over-stretched" muscle fiber or an "under-stretched" muscle fiber will not allow the
Sodium current to depolarize the membrane.
Teurons to
3) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to (1) block the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) inhibit the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments, and (3) block the production of ATP by the mitochondria in skeletal muscles. By using this drug, contraction of certain skeletal muscle fibers is reduced, which keeps those muscles from producing spasms.
In the above scenario, Fremtol’s effect of blocking muscle mitochondrial ATP production would result in the inability of the muscle to make ATP from ___________.
a. creatine phosphate
b. anaerobic glycolysis
c. aerobic respiration
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
2) Paula is a scientist who is developing a drug called Fremtol that will be used to treat muscle spasms. This drug acts on specific skeletal muscles to (1) block the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) inhibit the pivoting ability of the myosin heads of the thick filaments, and (3) block the production of ATP by the mitochondria in skeletal muscles. By using this drug, contraction of certain skeletal muscle fibers is reduced, which keeps those muscles from producing spasms.
In the above scenario, Fremtol’s effect of blocking the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum would most directly prevent which the following?
a. activation of tropomyosin
b. activation of troponin
c. activation of actin
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
Chapter 9 Solutions
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 9.1 - List and describe the functions performed by...Ch. 9.1 - State the functions of smooth and cardiac muscle...Ch. 9.1 - Using table 9.1, distinguish among skeletal,...Ch. 9.2 - Identify the four specialized functional...Ch. 9.2 - Outline the differences in control and function...Ch. 9.3 - Name the connective tissue layers that surround...Ch. 9.3 - What are motor neurons? How do the axons of motor...Ch. 9.3 - What is the origin of muscle fibers? How do you...Ch. 9.3 - What are T tubules and the sarcoplasmic reticulum?Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 9.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 9.3 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 9.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 9.3 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 9.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 9.3 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 9.4 - What type of ion channel contributes to the...Ch. 9.4 - What are the two types of gated ion channels in...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 9.4 - List the two types of voltage-gated channels the...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 24AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 26AYPCh. 9.4 - Describe the structure of a neuromuscular...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 30AYPCh. 9.4 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 9.4 - What ion is necessary for movement of the...Ch. 9.4 - Describe the steps in cross-bridge cycling. How is...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 34AYPCh. 9.5 - List the phases of a muscle twitch, and describe...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 36AYPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 37AYPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 38AYPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 39AYPCh. 9.5 - How does the lack of on unresponsive period in...Ch. 9.5 - Distinguish between active tension and passive...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 42AYPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 43AYPCh. 9.5 - What is muscle tone, and how is it maintained?Ch. 9.6 - Contrast the structural and physiological...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 46AYPCh. 9.6 - Prob. 47AYPCh. 9.6 - What factors contribute to increases in muscle...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 49AYPCh. 9.6 - Prob. 50AYPCh. 9.7 - What is fatigue? List the three locations where...Ch. 9.7 - Prob. 52AYPCh. 9.7 - Prob. 53AYPCh. 9.7 - List the energy sources used to synthesize ATP for...Ch. 9.7 - Prob. 55AYPCh. 9.7 - Prob. 56AYPCh. 9.7 - Prob. 57AYPCh. 9.7 - Prob. 58AYPCh. 9.8 - Describe a typical smooth muscle cell. How do its...Ch. 9.8 - Prob. 60AYPCh. 9.8 - Prob. 61AYPCh. 9.8 - Compare visceral smooth muscle and multiunit...Ch. 9.8 - Prob. 63AYPCh. 9.8 - Prob. 64AYPCh. 9.8 - How are spontoneous contractions produced in...Ch. 9.8 - Prob. 66AYPCh. 9.8 - Prob. 67AYPCh. 9.8 - Prob. 68AYPCh. 9.9 - Prob. 69AYPCh. 9.9 - Prob. 70AYPCh. 9.10 - Prob. 71AYPCh. 9 - Which of these is true of skeletal muscle? a....Ch. 9 - Prob. 2RACCh. 9 - Prob. 3RACCh. 9 - Each myofibril Is made up of many muscle fibers....Ch. 9 - Prob. 5RACCh. 9 - Which of these statements about the molecular...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7RACCh. 9 - Prob. 8RACCh. 9 - Prob. 9RACCh. 9 - Prob. 10RACCh. 9 - Prob. 11RACCh. 9 - Prob. 12RACCh. 9 - Prob. 13RACCh. 9 - With stimuli of increasing strength, which of...Ch. 9 - Considering the force of contraction of a skeletal...Ch. 9 - Which of these events occurs during the lag...Ch. 9 - Prob. 17RACCh. 9 - Prob. 18RACCh. 9 - Given the conditions: (1) low ATP levels (2)...Ch. 9 - Prob. 20RACCh. 9 - Prob. 21RACCh. 9 - Prob. 22RACCh. 9 - Prob. 23RACCh. 9 - Prob. 24RACCh. 9 - Which of these statements concerning aging and...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1CTCh. 9 - A patient is thought to be suffering from either...Ch. 9 - Design an experiment to test the following...Ch. 9 - Explain what is happening at the level of...Ch. 9 - Predict the shape of an active tension curve for...Ch. 9 - Prob. 6CTCh. 9 - Prob. 7CTCh. 9 - Prob. 8CTCh. 9 - Prob. 9CTCh. 9 - Prob. 10CTCh. 9 - Prob. 11CTCh. 9 - Prob. 12CT
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- Which of the following is true concerning the role of Calcium in the contraction of muscle- cells? 23. A. skeletal muscle cells require an extracellular inward-Calcium-current to stimulate the burst of Calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. B. smooth muscle cells require an extracellular inward-Calcium-current to stimulate the burst of Calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C. cardiac muscle cells require an extracellular inward-Calcium-current to stimulate the An burst of Calcium from intracellular stored-Calcium-organelles. D. No type of muscle cell requires an extracellular inward-Calcium current for normal contractile-function.arrow_forwardWhich of these is the proper sequence of these events of muscle contraction 1) Action potential propagating down into the T-tubule 2) Power stroke 3) Ca+2 is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4) The tropomyosin shifts out of the way thereby exposing the active sites of the actin Question 7 options: a) 1 à 3 à 4 à 2 b) 4 à 3 à 2 à 1 c) 1 à 4 à 2 à 3 d) 3 à 1 à 4 à 2arrow_forwardPut the following items in order of decreasing size: 63. Sección Largest 64. 65. 66. 67. Smallest A. Calcium В. Мyofibril C. Myofilament D. Sarcomere E. Tropomyosinarrow_forward
- The action potential of skeletal muscle A. is not essential for contraction. B. is longer than the action potential of cardiac muscle. C. has a prolonged plateau phase. D. causes the immediate uptake of calcium ions into the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. E. spreads inward to all parts of the muscle via the T tubules.arrow_forwardburst of Calchu musc res an ldum Which of the following is true concerning the role of Calcium in the contraction of muscle- cells? 20. A. skeletal muscle cells require a burst of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. B. smooth muscle cells require a burst of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C. cardiac muscle cells require a burst of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. D. All of the above are correct. to an ent. response to an ertraceil m-currentarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true? A) Tendons join bone to bone B E Tendons join muscle to bone and other structures Ligaments join bone to bone Ligaments join muscle to bone and other structures a. and b. b. and C. Questions Filter (12) Molvier OLarrow_forward
- Cardiac muscle cells differ from skeletal muscle cells because: a. They can respond to neurotransmitters.b. They are striated.c. They contain intercalated discs and gap junctions.d. They require calcium for contraction.arrow_forwardThe purpose of transverse tubules is to Select one: a. ensure a supply of glycogen throughout the muscle sarcoplasm b. conduct ATP molecules out of the mitochondria throughout the sarcoplasm c. ensure a supply of calcium ions through the muscle fibre d. rapidly conduct action potentials to the interior of the muscle fibre e. all of the other statements are correctarrow_forwardA. nerve cell releases neurotransmitter which stimulates the muscle cell: B. calcium is released from sarcoplasmic reticulum and floods sarcoplasm; C. sarcolemma is permeable to sodium allowing sodium to rush into cell; D. myosin forms cross-bridges to pull actin into the center of the sarcomere; E. sarcolemma depolarizes and conducts an action potential Put them in orderarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true? A. Muscle fibers either will contract with all the force possible under existing conditions or will not contract at all. B. Skeletal muscles can contract with varying degrees of strength given different circumstances. C. Muscle length does not have an effect on contractile strength. D. Metabolic condition of the myocyte does not have an effect on contractile strength.arrow_forwardWhy is the latent period longer during an isotonic twitch of a skeletalmuscle fiber than it is during an isometric twitch?a. Excitation–contraction coupling is slower during an isotonic twitch.b. Action potentials propagate more slowly when the fiber is shortening,so extra time is required to activate the entire fiber.c. In addition to the time for excitation-contraction coupling, it takesextra time for enough cross-bridges to attach to make the tension in themuscle fiber greater than the load.d. Fatigue sets in much more quickly during isotonic contractions, andwhen muscles are fatigued the cross-bridges move much more slowly.e. The latent period is longer because isotonic twitches only occur in slow(type I) muscle fibers.arrow_forwardA fasicle is bound and defined by the A. Endomysium B. Fascia C. Myofilaments D. Epimysium E. Perimyisumarrow_forward
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