Campbell Biology
Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction

To find: If the given figures represent active transport or passive transport.

Introduction: Cellular transport is the process of moving molecules and ions into and out of a cell. It requires specialized cellular structures and can involve either active transport, which requires energy, or passive transport, which happens without energy. Active transport moves molecules and ions against their concentration gradient, while passive transport moves molecules and ions along their concentration gradient.

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help fill in these blanks in []     Sodium-potassium ATPases are [passive/active] transporters that move sodium and potassium [with/against] their electrochemical gradients. In other words, potassium and sodium transport, without any coupled process, are [endergonic/exergonic] processes. These transporters are [primary active/facilitated/secondary active] transporters meaning that the transport process is coupled to [ATP hydrolysis/ion diffusion] to make the process spontaneous. P-type ATPases are [acid-base/covalent/nucleophilic] catalysts that become phosphorylated during the transport cycle. The sodium-potassium ATPase moves [3/2/1] cations out of the cell for every [1/2/3] cations it moves into the cell, polarizing the membrane such that the inside is [positive/negative] compared to the outside.

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