Yo₂ 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Weak-binding 20 Transition from weak- to strong-binding Strong-binding 40 60 80 Po, (mm Hg) 100 120 Use the oxygen binding curve to complete the information about data points at various sites in the graph. Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.
Q: 8. For the following molecule, draw the monomers *Hint* there are three different monomers a. What…
A: Polymerization is the formation of complex compounds in which simple units are joined together by a…
Q: A) Effect of Enzymes on Reactions Which of the following effects (a-g) would increase the rate of an…
A: We know Keq is the equilibrium constant and it is equal to .Here;[P] is the concentration of product…
Q: Based on the structure of the nucleotide predict if dihydrouridine will stabilize or destabilize…
A: The transfer RNA also called an adapter molecule is involved in the final step of gene expression…
Q: A mutation of Lysine to Alanine in the middle of TM1 has been associated with increased GPCR…
A: The lipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane. It is made up of two layers of lipid molecules. The…
Q: 3. Relation between Reaction Velocity and Substrate Concentration: Michaelis-Menten Equation (a) At…
A: The initial rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is defined by the Michaelis-Menten equation as a…
Q: results from hydrogen bonding between the backbone constituents of the overall shape of a…
A: There are four classes of biological macromolecules; nucleic acid, proteins, lipids and…
Q: You find a novel monosaccharide that contains 4 carbons, with a carbonyl group present at carbon 1…
A: There are four types of biological macromolecules- proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and…
Q: 15. Write the metabolites of the following substrates due to phase Il reactions: a. b, R R C. R 20 R…
A: Enzymes are proteins that catalyse biochemical reactions. Enzymes sometimes require a non-protein…
Q: More and more bacteria are becoming antibiotic-resistant. How might this affect our ability to fight…
A: When bacteria evolves mechanism to nullify the effect of antibiotics used on them.This generally…
Q: What is the minimal resolution required for gleaning insights into structures of drug-drug target…
A: The minimal resolution required for gleaning insights into the structures of drug-drug target…
Q: What type of DNA damage would you expect from UV-B irradiation (at 260 nm) of DNA that includes the…
A: UV-B radiation (260 nm) is one of the well characterized mutagens which causes a specific type of…
Q: 1. The citric acid cycle ends with the reaction catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase (MDH) shown below.…
A: Standard change in Gibbs free energy () is the change in Gibbs free energy () value observed under…
Q: Balance the reactions. A hint is provided to help you decide if the reaction will proceed as…
A: Since you asked multiple questions so as per Q&A guidelines of portal I answered first question…
Q: Describe in one page why hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen can be considered the most important…
A: A living cell is the basic unit of life. It is capable of independent existence (as is the case of…
Q: 16. Identify the functional groups on the amino acid glutamine and mark the Ca. HO. I. 17. The amino…
A: The proteins are constituted of twenty naturally occurring amino acids.The α-Amino acids (AAs) are…
Q: concentration of hemoglobin in the system not bound resting tissues bound increase concentration of…
A: Transport of oxygen in blood depends upon hemoglobin. Basically hemoglobin has 4 subunits, 2 alpha…
Q: polysaccharides
A: Polysaccharides are part of the complex carbohydrate category, forming from multiple monosaccharide…
Q: Proline racemase catalyzes the conversion between L-proline and D-proline. The Km and kcat for this…
A: Proline racemase is an enzyme that catalyzes the racemization of L-proline (S configuration) to…
Q: Which of the following represents a pair of epimers? A Н- Н- OH с -OH H-C-OH H-C-H OH О C-H H-C-OH…
A: The isomers that differ only at one chiral centre in the arrangement of -OH group are called…
Q: Explain the role of transistors in microchip functionality
A: Microchips are tiny electronic devices containing a variety of integrated circuits. They are…
Q: The protein catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide: 2 H2O2 (aq)…
A: For a one-substrate enzyme reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…
Q: 10.) ANSWER THE FOLLOWING PROBLEM AND EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING. Fill in the…
A: Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. Some amino acids in the protein undergo…
Q: Consider the following fatty acid attached below. a) What is the number convention for this…
A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbons to 36 carbons.The…
Q: Glucagon is a hormone that is released when the level of glucose in the blood is low. Glucagon uses…
A: Glucagon is secreted by the α cells of pancreas.Glucagon is a hormone that helps to regulate blood…
Q: Which process is most responsible for the sickling of cells seen in sickle cell disease? A)…
A: Sickle cell disease, also known as sickle cell anemia, is a genetic blood disorder characterized by…
Q: What is the product after one round of beta oxidation for the trans-fatty acid attached below,…
A: Beta-oxidation is the metabolic pathway that breaks down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA fragments. It…
Q: QUESTION 9 In our walk-through of the HIV ELISA in zoom class, we were doing a test used to diagnose…
A: ELISA stands for Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. It is a common laboratory method in molecular…
Q: Choose the Incorrect statement. In the phospholipid bilayer part of the cell membrane. None of the…
A: The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer that plays a crucial role in various…
Q: Finish the sentence alpha helical secondary structures in proteins Are connected by beta- turns Are…
A: Secondary structure is the ordered arrangement or conformation of amino acids in localized regions…
Q: Part C Calculate to three decimal places the charge on a-melanotropin at pH value of 5. Express your…
A: Net charge on the amino acid with negative side group: Net charge on the amino acid with positive…
Q: Glucose oxidase [S] (glucose, mM) 0.1 5 7 8 15 20 0.2 0.4 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 7.5 35 45 55 60 80 90…
A: Enzymology relies on the fundamental idea of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. It covers the interactions…
Q: Which is the best explanation of why kinesin doesn't bind covalently to its structural protein…
A: Kinesins are motor proteins responsible for transporting cellular cargo along microtubules within…
Q: The illustration below shows several oxygen-dissociation curves. Assume that curve 3 corresponds to…
A: We know that hemoglobin (Hb) is the protein responsible for carrying O2 in blood. Certain other…
Q: What physical method is most frequently use to determine three dimensional structures of protein?…
A: Proteins are intricate molecules that are necessary for all living things to function. They consist…
Q: 4. Graphing the results from kinetics experiments with enzyme inhibitors The following kinetic data…
A: For a one-substrate enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…
Q: There is another melanocyte-stimulating hormone called B-melanotropin. Cleavage of 3-melanotropin…
A: We have found out the sequence of amino acids in alpha melanotropin.
Q: An alpha-helix transmembrane protein has 35 amino acid residues embedded in a lipid bilayer…
A: The repeating unit of an alpha-helix is the helix turn. Each helical turn in alpha-helix has an…
Q: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. The Ramachandran plot indicates: The preferred conformations about C1-C bond The…
A: phi (Φ) and psi (ψ) angles are known as dihedral angles. They dictate the peptide conformation. phi…
Q: The C-2 epimer of A is [Select] [Select] H- Н- НО Н- -H CHO OH OH Н H OH НО НО OH -H -H Н- Н- CHO B…
A: Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. Monosaccharides are simplest carbohydrates:…
Q: Carbonic anhydrase of erythrocytes (M, 30,000) has one of the highest turnover numbers known. It…
A: The value of Kcat represents the catalytic efficiency of an enzyme. It is also known as the turnover…
Q: During our experiment, Sucrose tested positive for Benedict's Test. Benedict's test us actually a…
A: There are four classes of biological macromolecules- nucleic acid, proteins, lipids and…
Q: Which of the following amino acids are most likely to be present on the surface of Protein A in the…
A: Proteins are big molecules. The hydrophobic effects are generally predominant weak interactions to…
Q: Which is true of reducing disaccharidess: a) One sugar has an unlinked anomeric carbon b) the…
A: Since you have posted multiple multiple choice questions, we will provide the solution only to the…
Q: Amino acids at the interaction site ( F,I and L) and its G protein partner (P, L, Y) are very…
A: GPCRs are also known by the name of G Protein Coupled Receptors. These are integral membrane…
Q: An enzyme with concentration of 3.0 uM is added to a flask containing 125 uM of substrate. You know…
A: The observed velocity (Vo) in enzyme kinetics denotes the initial rate of an enzyme-catalyzed…
Q: For the following reaction mechanism, which of the following statements would be false? R" R :B NO R…
A: Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions. Some enzymes require non non-protein…
Q: 1. Glycolysis can be summarized as a 6-carbon structure becoming two 3-carbon structures. To really…
A: In glycolysis, a 6-carbon molecule of glucose-6-phosphate is broken down into 3-carbon pyruvate. It…
Q: What are the main products of anaerobic glycolysis? Hoe does each one get metabolized?
A: Anaerobic glycolysis is defined as a metabolic process which takes place when oxygen is not present…
Q: For the following reaction mechanism, which of the following statements would be false? R" R .H H H…
A: Biological oxidation-reduction reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one biomolecule,…
Q: Rank the following fatty acids from lowest melting temperature to highest melting temperature. (A)…
A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbons to 36 carbons. The…
7l.3.3
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps with 2 images
- On the right the Hill plot com- (b) pares the O2 binding properties of Hb Ya- kima with those of HbA in 0.1 M NaCl buff- Hb-Yakima ered to pH 7 with 0.01 M bis-Tris. Focus first on the line for "stripped Hb". This is the term for hemoglobin isolated from erythro- cytes with removal of all organic phosphate molecules that might bind to the protein in RBCS. You can see that 2,3-bisphospho- glycerate (BPG; labeled DPG according to old terminology) does not alter the O2 bind- ing affinity of Hb Yakima in contrast to HbA (although it was shown that BPG did bind to the deoxyHb Yakima molecule). Also, Hb Yakima is associated with markedly decreased allostery in the absence and presence of BPG, in comparison to HbA. IHP = inositol hexaphosphate, an artificial allosteric modifying ligand that binds more tightly than BPG. stripped Hb Hb-A •DPG +DPG n= 1.0 n = 2.3 n=2,5 +THP +IHP 0.5 0.5 1 5 10 50 po, ( mm Hg ) %3D On the right is a diagram copied from the lecture handout "Hemoglobin and Allo-…What environmental factors affect the affinity of Hb for oxygen? Which way do they shift the binding curve? Why are they important to loading and unloading oxygen? Acid Bohr effect, gaseous Bohr effectTABLE 3-LACTATE PRODUCTION IN FORTIFIED HEMOLYSATES OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES* Substrate Glucose Glucose Lactate production† No. of experiments pH 6 7.1 2.03 ± 0.91 6 7.8 4.76 ± 1.09 7-1 10-73 +1-88 5 7.8 12.34 ±2.92 5 7.0 7-15±0.73 5 7-7 (b)( ) In mature erythrocytes (red blood cells) the end product of glycolysis is lactate because of the absence of mitochondria. On the right is a table comparing the rate of lac- tate production in hemolysates (lysed cells) of human RBCs as a function of pH with dif- ferent substrates introduced into the glyco- lytic pathway. The hemolysate was fortified with 30 μmoles substrate, 7.5 μmoles MgCl2, 10 μmoles disodium phosphate, 1.5 μmoles NAD and 5 μmoles ATP in a volume of 5 mL. The rate of lactate production is given as μmoles of lactate/g Hb/hr at 37° C, buffered to either pH 7.1 or 7.8, as indicated. According to the results in the table which glycolytic enzyme is rate-limiting? Explain. Glucose-6-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose-1,6-diphosphate…
- What is the actual change in free energy at 37°C for the phosphoglycerate mutase reaction converting 3-PGA to 2-PGA in erythrocytes if after drinking a glass of orange juice the [3-PGA] = 8 mM and the [2-PGA] = 0.08 mM? The standard change in free energy for the reaction is +4.5 kJ/mol. +16.3 kJ/mol O-6.5 kJ/mol O-7.3 kJ/mol -16.3 kJ/mol +7.3 kJ/molAcid phosphatases are an important group of enzymes that can be detected in human bloodserum. Under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), this group of enzymes can hydrolyzebiological phosphate esters as follows:R-O-P-O3-2 + H2O -----> R-OH + HO-P-O3-2Acid phosphatases are produced and can be detected in erythrocytes, kidney, spleen, the liver,and prostrate gland. The enzyme from the prostrate gland is clinically important because anincreased activity in the blood is frequently an indication of cancer of the prostrate gland.Tartrate ion can strongly inhibit the phosphatase from the prostrate gland, but not acidphosphatases from other tissues. How can you use the information above to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostrate gland in humanblood serum?The effect of temperature on the hydrolysis of lactose by a ß-galactosidase is shown below in Table 1. The temperature coefficient, Q10 is the factor by which the rate increases by raising the temperature 10°C. The universal gas constant, R is 8.314 J/mol.K. (a) (b) Table 1: Data of Vmax over temperature T (°C) 20 30 35 40 45 Vmax (umoles/min.mg protein) 4.50 8.65 11.80 15.96 21.36 Plot the graph of In Vm vs 1/T using any spreadsheet software (include all appropriate labels and equation). Calculate the activation energy Ea and temperature coefficient Q10.
- PTP1B Substrate kcat Km. kcat/Km UM 10-7 x (s-1 M) DADEPYLIPQQG DADAPYLIPQQG DAAEP YLIPQQG AAAAPYLIPQQG 44.6 + 1.8 39.8 + 0.32 3.9 + 0.9 13.7 + 0.46 1.1 + 0.25 0.29 + 0.01 35.3 + 0.22 6.6 + 0.22 0.53 + 0.02 34.7 + 0.25 52.7 + 0.7 0.066 + 0.001 ) The units for kcat/KM in the above are given according to standard scientific notation. On this (d) ( basis what is the value of this kinetic parameter for the DADEPYLIPQQG substrate?The primary allosteric regulator of hemoglobin oxygen affinity is ( ) and functions by stabilizing the ( ) state of enzyme.A new oxygen transport protein that exhibits cooperative binding has been isolated and is beingstudied in the lab. Calculate the KD value if Y = 0.76 when pO2 = 18 torr (assume n = 2.5). Howdoes this compare to the KD value for hemoglobin? Does this protein bind more or less tightly tooxygen compared to hemoglobin?
- Given the oxygen dissociation curves, which of the following statements are correct? Which residue in HbA β do you think contributes the most to the increased interaction between HbA aand 2,3‑BPG?A solution containing 0.00001 M ATP has transmission 70.2\% at 260 nm in 1 cm cuvette calculate the transmission of solution in a 3 cm cuvetteNational Board of Medical Examiners Biochemistry Mark 36. In the presence of a metabolite (X), 6-phosphofructokinase is assayed at a fixed concentration of ATP and varying concentrations of fructose 6-phosphate. The resulting data are shown in the table. Fructose 6-phosphate (pM) 5 10 20 40 75 100 200 Velocity umoles/min 0.05 0.15 0.25 0.70 1.7 2.2 3.1 3.1 Velocity (+X) umoles/min 0.006 0.025 0. 10 0.35 1.03 16 2.9 3.1 400 Metabolite (X) is most likely which of the following substances? O A) ADP O B) AMP OC) CAMP D) Citric acid O E) Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate