Interpretation: The reason behind slight amount of
Concept introduction:Certain compounds facilitate the transfer of reagents within immiscible layers via formation of ion pairs so as dissolve the polar parts of reagents and transfer them. These are called phase-transfer catalysts. This type of catalysis is known as heterogeneous catalysis.
When the reaction mixture of electrophilic addition such as
In order to get efficient partition between reagents and reactants in the two phases, reaction mixture is further stirred so as to increase the surface area at the interface. The agitation of mixture with phase transfer catalyst facilities more emulsification and thus accelerates the reaction.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 10 Solutions
EBK EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A M
- Ozonolysis process was carried out towards an unknown organic compound, X, to produce propanal, C3H6O and compound Y. Propanal was then further oxidized into compound Z, C3H6O2 by using potassium permanganate, KMnO4 under acidic condition and heating. As an alternative, compound Y can be produced from the reaction of benzene with ethanoyl chloride, CH3COCl with the presence of aluminium trichloride, AlCl3. (i) Draw the structural formula of compounds X, Y, and Z (ii) Show the formation of electrophile that will be reacted with benzene for the formation of compound Y. (iii) What is the name of reaction to convert benzene into compound Y?arrow_forward(a) calculate the theoretical yield, in grams, of trans-9-(2-phenylethenyl) anthracene. (b) Calculate the percent yield Data for the Synthesis of trans-9-(2-phenylethenyl)-anthracene: A Wittig Reaction Mass of filter paper: 0.688 g Mass of filter paper with product: 1.113 g Melting Point of Product: 129-130oCarrow_forwardwrite the reaction of the action of methyl-2, bromo-2-propane with hot KOH solution. a) Name the formed product b) Explain why the reaction takes place according to the SNI mechanismarrow_forward
- (a) Write the chemical reaction involved in Wolff-Kishner reduction.(b) Arrange the following in the increasing order of their reactivity towards nucleophilic addition reaction:C6H5COCH3, CH3— CHO, CH3COCH3(c) Why carboxylic acid does not give reactions of carbonyl group?arrow_forward(i) Name, draw and describe the organic product of the reaction between 2-methylbut-1-ene and H2O in the presence of H2SO4 and provide a clear rationale as to why this is the major product of the reaction. (ii) The elimination reaction between 2-bromobutane and NaOCH2CH3 gives two organic products. Draw a mechanism for the reaction which produces the major organic elimination product and provide a rationale as to why that is the major product.arrow_forwardWrite structural formulas for the cyclohexadienyl cations formed from aniline (C6H5NH2) during(a) Ortho bromination (four resonance structures)(b) Meta bromination (three resonance structures)(c) Para bromination (four resonance structures)arrow_forward
- 20. Outline the synthesis of (a) 2-butanol from butane (b) 2-bromo-3-methylbutane from 3-methyl-2-butanolarrow_forwardExplain the experimental procedure of the laboratory preparation of the synthesis of fluorobenzene from aniline (paragraph form) Explain the chemistry behind the synthesis of fluorobenzene from aniline (paragraph form)arrow_forwardOutline the step-by-step method (initiation, propagation(s), and one termination step) for bromination of 2-bromopropane to produce its major product.arrow_forward
- Explain the process of Formation of the Electrophile +SO3H for Sulfonation ?arrow_forwardQ9:- Outline a possible laboratory, synthesis of each of the following compounds from benzene and/or toluene, using any needed aliphatic and inorganic reagents, (a) m-bromophenol (b) 5-bromo-2-methylphenol Q10:- Explain how Esters are more reactive than amides in nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions.arrow_forwardThe nitro groups on the benzene ring in the reactant serve two purposes.One is to let you know what atoms in the reactant correspond to what atomsin the product. But what role do the nitro groups play electronically – whywould the reaction be much slower if these nitro groups weren’t attached tothose benzene carbons? Draw any relevant structures to support youranswer.arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning