Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 2FTB
The three types of RNA that are essential for protein synthesis are ________, ________, and______. Another type of RNA, which can interfere with translation, is called________.
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The portion in the tRNA that is complementary with the mRNA when the aminoacyl-tRNA reaches the A site of the ribosome is the ____________. (No points for incorrect spelling)
List the three (3) types of RNA molecules and in one sentence each describe their functions.
During the initiation of translation, the ribosome assembles on an mRNA strand with the start codon (AUG) positioned at the ____________ site, and the next codon positioned at the _____________ site.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 13 - 1. The molecule that carries the genetic...Ch. 13 - 2. Which of the following is not true of...Ch. 13 - 3. A stop codon
a. signals the end of protein...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4MCCh. 13 - Epigenetic modification of gene expression a....Ch. 13 - Prob. 1FTBCh. 13 - The three types of RNA that are essential for...Ch. 13 - 3. The genetic code uses______ (how many?) bases...Ch. 13 - The enzyme_______ synthesizes RNA from the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5FTB
Ch. 13 - Prob. 6FTBCh. 13 - How does RNA differ from DNA?Ch. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - Define the following terms: genetic code, codon,...Ch. 13 - 4. How is mRNA formed from a eukaryotic gene?
Ch. 13 - 5. Diagram and describe protein synthesis.
Ch. 13 - 6. Explain how complementary base pairing is...Ch. 13 - 7. Describe the principal mechanisms of regulating...Ch. 13 - Define mutation. Describe four different effects...Ch. 13 - Many years ago, some researchers reported that...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2AC
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- Briefly describe (two or three sentences) the role of tRNA in building a protein from mRNA.arrow_forwardIn the genetic code ______ codons code for amino acids, while _____ are stop codons and do not code for an amino acid.arrow_forwardThe genetic code is redundant (i.e., most amino acids are coded for by more than one codon). Why is this beneficial when it comes to errors in DNA replication or transcription?arrow_forward
- Why is DNA and not any other macromolecule represents the genetic code?arrow_forwardtRNA is a type of RNA involved in translation. What does it do?arrow_forwardSome RNAs can fold into shapes that resemble ______________, allowing them to catalyze chemical reactions. These catalytic RNAs became known as_____________.arrow_forward
- the sequences od tRNA and corresponding mRNA is complementary to each other. is the statement true or false?arrow_forwardIf a strand of DNA has the sequence A T G C G A TC C G C, then the sequence of an mRNA moleculetranscribed from it is .arrow_forwardIn RNA, an atypical base pair is able to form between guanine and uracil. This base pair allows a single tRNA molecule to recognize more than one codon using its one anticodon sequence. It requires a shift in position of the two nucleotides. Guanine and uracil come together in this unusual pair via 2 hydrogen bonds. Based on what you know about hydrogen bond formation and base pairing, draw a guanine nucleotide and a uracil nucleotide hydrogen bound to one another.arrow_forward
- DNA gene TAC AGC TTT mRNA codon (No thymine in RNA!) tRNA anticodon (No thymine in RNA!) Amino acid Use the mRNA with the Genetic Code. Use the mRNA with the Genetic Code. Answer the questions below. Questions How many nucleotides would be needed to code for a protein that has 100 amino acids? Using the Genetic Code in Table 6.3, write all of the possible codons that signal the start and end of a gene. Start: End: An amino acid sequence of a protein molecule includes methionine, lysine, serine and glycine. Show each different codon that could result in each of these amino acids. You will have more than one codon for all of them except methionine. Amino Acids All Possible Codons Methionine Lysine Serine (Look carefully. There are six possibilities) Glycine Question 3 illustrates the redundant nature of the genetic code. Can you think of an advantage of having several codons that all code for the…arrow_forwardA __________ molecule is characterized by having a peptide-binding site, a modified 5’ guanine, and an anticodon. _____________ molecules are encoded by multiple gene copies in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and they catalyze critical reactions functions during translation. Group of answer choices mRNA; rRNA rNA; aminoacyl tRNA synthase tRNA; rRNA rRNA; precursor RNA mRNA; tRNAarrow_forwardOccurring in the nucleus ribosome mitochondrion , translation transcription is the process of making an RNA copy from a DNA template. The molecule then enters the cytoplasm. The process in which the mRNA sequence is converted into a sequence of amino acids is called translation transcription . In the cytoplasm, the nucleus ribosome mitochondrion reads the amino acid sequence and assembles the protein.arrow_forward
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