Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The values of rotational constant,
Concept introduction:
In a molecule, the rotational energy level corresponds to the different probable ways in which the portion of a molecule rotates around the
The two-body system is represented as a one-body system by a reduced mass. It is expressed by a quantity
The spherical top refers to a symmetric rotor that has the same value for all moments of inertia. For spherical tops,
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
- Calculate the ionic resonance energy of HCl, given that: χH = 2.2 and χCl = 3.16.arrow_forwardThe first two steps in the industrial synthesis of nitric acid produce nitrogen dioxide from ammonia: 4 NH, (g) + 50, (g)=4 NO (g)+ 6 H,0 (g) K1 2 NO (g) + 0, (g) =2NO,(g) K2 The net reaction is: 4 NH3 (g)+ 70, (g) =4 NO, (g)+6H,0 (g) K Write an equation that gives the overall equilibrium constant K in terms of the equilibrium constants K, and K,. If you need to include any physical constants, be sure you use their standard symbols, which you'll find in the ALEKS Calculator. Karrow_forwardCalculate the standard enthalpy of formation of the M20(s) metal oxide (AH in kJ/mol) using the following data: Bond dissociation enthalpy of O2(g) = +498 kJ/mol First electron affinity of O = -141 kJ/mol Second electron affinity of O = +744 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation of M = + 124 kJ/mol First ionization energy of M = + 372 kJ/mol Lattice enthalpy of M20(s) = -2115 kJ/mol Refer to the textbook for definitions of ionization energy and electron affinity. Do not use scientific notation for your answer. Do not enter units. Your Answer: Answerarrow_forward
- Consider the elements Li, K, Cl, C, Ne, and Ar. From thislist, select the element that (a) is most electronegative,(b) has the greatest metallic character, (c) most readilyforms a positive ion, (d) has the smallest atomic radius,(e) forms π bonds most readily, (f) has multiple allotropes.arrow_forwardCalculate the standard enthalpy of formation of the M20(s) metal oxide (AHe in kJ/mol) using the following data: Bond dissociation enthalpy of O2(g) = +498 kJ/mol First electron affinity of O = -141 kJ/mol Second electron affinity of O = +744 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation of M = + 107 kJ/mol First ionization energy of M = + 488 kJ/mol Lattice enthalpy of M20(s) = -2108 kJ/molarrow_forwardIn what ways are the electronic structures of the group 14 (4A) elements similar? In what ways are they different?arrow_forward
- Testosterone is an anabolic steroid. The structure of testosterone is shown below. What is the idealised bond angle at the indicated atom (ii) ? Hint: atom (iv) has been completed for you as an example. (iv) bond angle: 109.5°, geometry of the electron pairs: tetrahedral, shape of the bonds: tetrahedral ·····|||I H ····||||I ii ivarrow_forwardA nonmetal like oxygen forms both ionic and covalent bonds, depending on the identity of the element to which it bonds. What type of bonding is observed in CaO and CO 2? Explain why two different types of bonding are observed.arrow_forwardAt 400 °C, the AG°an for the oxidation of a monoatomic liquid element Z in the presence of O2(9) forming ZO() is -25.0 kJ per mol 02. In the compound zo(e), Z has a +2 formal charge. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? O Z cannot be oxidized to ZO because Z is more stable than ZO at 400 °C or any T above it. O zo cannot be reduced back to Z at any temperature because reduction of ZO to Z has +AG. O The oxidation of Z with 02 is exothermic. The oxidation of Z with 02 is marked by an increase in entropy.arrow_forward
- The first two steps in the industrial synthesis of nitric acid produce nitrogen dioxide from ammonia: 4 NH; (g) + 5 0, (g) = 4 NO (g) + 6 H,0 (g) K1 2 NO (3) +0, (g) = 2NO, (g) K2 The net reaction is: 4 NH; (g) + 70, (g) = 4 NO, (g) + 6 H,0 (g) K Write an equation that gives the overall equilibrium constant K in terms of the equilibrium constants K, and K,. If you need to include any physical constants, be sure you use their standard symbols, which you'll find in the ALEKS Calculator. K = oloarrow_forwardAn ionic compound of formula XY2 (X = cation with two positive charges, Y = anion with one negative charge) has the following mass composition: Mg 10.9%, Cl 31.8%, O57.3%. (a) What is the chemical formula and name of the compound? (b) Give the most probable Lewis structure for the ions contained in the compound.arrow_forwardFrom their Lewis structures, determine the number of sand p bonds in each of the following molecules or ions:(a) CO2; (b) cyanogen, 1CN22; (c) formaldehyde, H2CO;(d) formic acid, HCOOH, which has one H and two O atomsattached to C.arrow_forward
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