Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
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Question
Chapter 14, Problem 14.89E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Whether the equivalent of
Concept introduction:
An electronic state of energy has its own vibrational states. The energy between the electronic states is large followed by vibrational states and then rotational states. During an electronic transition, electron from ground state moves straight to the excited state keeping the internuclear distance constant.
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问题3
The 14 N160 molecule undergoes a transition between its rotational ground state and its
rotational first excited state. Approximating the diatomic molecule as a rigid rotor, and given
that the bond length of NO is 1.152 Angstroms, calculate the energy of the transition. As your
final answer, calculate the temperature T in Kelvin, such that Eshermal = kBT equals the
energy of the transition between NO's rotational ground state and first excited state.
A molecule can have various types of energies (translational, rotational, vibrational, and electronic), the sum of which is the
molecule's total energy.
E trans = (n +n + n²)
Erot = J (J + 1)
h²
87²1
Evib = (U+ 1 ) h
hv
h²
8mV (2/3)
In the equations, nx, ny, nz, J, and u are quantum numbers, h is Planck's constant, m is the mass of the molecule, V is the
volume of the container, I is the moment of inertia of the molecule, and v is the fundamental vibration frequency.
For carbon monoxide, CO, the moment of inertia is I = 1.45 x 10-46 kg-m², and the fundamental vibration frequency is
v = 2130 cm-¹. Let V = 12.5 L, and let all the quantum numbers be equal to 1.
Calculate the translational, rotational, and vibrational energies per mole of CO for these conditions.
In a molecule of hydrogen iodide HI (HI is used in organic and inorganic synthesis as one of the main sources of iodine and as a reducing agent) the vibrational frequency of the molecule is 6.69x10^13 Hz. Iodine is much more heavier than hydrogen, so I can be considered immobile compared to H. Determine the expected value of the potential energy for the hydrogen atom in this molecule in the ground state. Use this to calculate the expected value of the kinetic energy.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
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