The conduction of a signal between two neurons at a chemical synapse with the help of a diagram. Introduction: Each and every stimulus is carried to our brain by the sensory neurons. The stimulus is converted into the action potentials that are carried in the form of either an electrical impulse or the chemical message. The chemical message is transferred with the help of neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, glycine, and glutamine. Structure of two neurons representing the chemical synapse between them

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Chapter 44.1, Problem 1R

Summary Introduction

To review:

The conduction of a signal between two neurons at a chemical synapse with the help of a diagram.

Introduction:

Each and every stimulus is carried to our brain by the sensory neurons. The stimulus is converted into the action potentials that are carried in the form of either an electrical impulse or the chemical message. The chemical message is transferred with the help of neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, glycine, and glutamine.

Structure of two neurons representing the chemical synapse between them

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When an impulse arrives at the synapse, the synaptic vesicles open and release neurotransmitters into the cleft within a thousandth of a second. Within another ten thousandth of a second, these molecules have diffused across the cleft and bound to receptor sites in the effector cell. In what two ways is transmission across a synapse terminated so that the neuron’s signal is concluded?

Draw a chain of two neurons that synapse on one another in sequence. Label the presynaptic and postsynaptic ends of each neuron, the cell bodies, dendrites, axons, axon hillock and axon terminals, location of voltage gated Ca²+ channels, location of voltage gated Na+ channels, location of voltage gated K* channels, location of Na*/ K+ pumps, location of neurotransmitter storage, location of neurotransmitter receptors. Consider your drawing and describe the function of neurons. Include an explanation why neurons are considered polarized cells and how this relates to their function. (Polarized here is not referring to membrane potential as all cells have a membrane potential). This means you will need to explain the location of different channels in the neuron and the relationship of the channels to the function of a neuron.