Chapter 11, Problem 6PE

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why a potassium atom is larger than a sodium atom is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The distance present between the nucleus and the valence shell electrons of an atom is known to be the atomic size or atomic radius of that atom. On moving along the period in a periodic table, the number of orbital remains same and a new electron is added to the same orbit. As a result, the atomic radius of elements decreases along the period. On the other hand, the atomic radius of elements increases down the group due to addition of extra orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why a chlorine atom is smaller than a sulfur atom is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The distance present between the nucleus and the valence shell electrons of an atom is known to be the atomic size or atomic radius of that atom. On moving along the period in a periodic table, the number of orbital remains same and a new electron is added to the same orbit. As a result, the atomic radius of elements decreases along the period. On the other hand, the atomic radius of elements increases down the group due to addition of extra orbital.