Concept explainers
a) Alcohol
Interpretation:
The number of isomers of the following compounds is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula, C2H5OH (CnH2n+1OH). In alcohol, an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group and is often abbreviated as EtOH. Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a slight characteristic odour. It is a psychoactive substance and is the principal type of alcohol found in alcoholic drinks.
b) Bromoalkane
Interpretation:
The number of isomers of the following compounds is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
A bromoalkane is a molecule which contains bromine, carbon and hydrogen and has no carbon-carbon double bonds. It has the molecular formula, CnH2n+1Br.
c) Thioesters
Interpretation:
The number of isomers of the following compounds is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
In chemistry thioesters are compounds with the functional group R–S–CO–R’. They are the product of esterification between a carboxylic acid and a thiol.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Two compounds given below had the following IUPAC name and structural formula 2-aminopropanoic acid (alanine) CH3CHNH2COOH 1,2-dibromocyclopentane C3H6CHBrCHBr (i) What type of isomerism is possible in the 2 organic compounds? (ii) Draw all the pairs of possible isomers and name them.arrow_forwardThis question is about the chemistry of alkenes, which are unsaturated hydrocarbons. (a) State what is meant by the term unsaturated as applied to a hydrocarbon. (1) (b) An organic compound, X, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with molecular formula CH₂. (i) Draw the displayed formulae and give the names of two molecules with molecular formula C₂H, which are E/Z isomers. (3) Isomer 1 Isomer 2 Name: Name:arrow_forwardTRUE OR FALSE (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one —OH group, a secondary alcohol has two —OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three —OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N. (f) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (g) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (h) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (i) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (j) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic…arrow_forward
- (a) What structural feature is associated with each type of hydrocarbon: alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, and alkyne?(b) Give the general formula for each type.(c) Which hydrocarbons are considered saturated?arrow_forwardDraw complete structural diagrams of the following compounds. (a) 2-methyl,pent-2-ene (b) propyne (c) 2,3-dimethyl butane (d) cycloheptanearrow_forward7. Which of the following hydrocarbons does not have isomers? (a) CH16 (b) C&H14 (c) CSH10 (d) C4H8 (e) C3HSarrow_forward
- 12. Draw the condensed structural formula of the following organic molecules (a) 2-ethylpropane (b) 2-ethyl-2,4,4-trimethylpentane (c)2,2,2-trimethylethane (d)2-methylbutane (e)2,3,3-triethylpentane (f)2,2-dimethyl-3-propyloctane (g) pent-2-ene (h)3,3-dimethylprop-2-ene (i)4-ethyl-2,5-dimethyloct-3-ene (i)4-ethyl-4,5-dimethylhex-1-ene (k)but-2-yne (1)4-ethyl-4-methylhept-3-yne (m)2,5,7-trimethylnon-3-yne (n)1,2-dimethylcyclohexane (0)3-methyl-3-propylcyclohexane (p)2-cyclobutylpentane (g) 1-ethyl-3-propylbenzene (r)2-phenyl-5-propyloctanearrow_forwardFor each of the following hydrocarbons, state how manycarbon atoms are in each molecule:(a) methane(b) decane(c) 2-methylhexane(d) neopentane(e) acetylenearrow_forward(a) What is meant by the term isomer ? (b) Among the four alkanes, ethane, propane, butane, and pentane, which is capable of existing in isomeric forms?arrow_forward
- (a) Is C4H6 a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon?(b) Are all alkynes unsaturated?arrow_forwardWrite the chemical formula and Lewis structure of the following, each of which contains five carbon atoms:(a) an alkane(b) an alkene(c) an alkynearrow_forwardGive the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon containingsix carbon atoms that is (a) a cyclic alkane, (b) a cyclicalkene, (c) a linear alkyne, (d) an aromatic hydrocarbon.arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning