Determining the structure of 2-hydroxyglutarate by reviewing the structures of isocitrate and alpha-ketoglutarate. Introduction: The citric acid cycle (or Krebs cycle) is a biochemical pathwa, yhich involves a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that results in the generation of high-energy compounds. Isocitrate and alpha-ketoglutarate are two of its intermediate products. The normal enzyme, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), converts isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate. However, the mutated enzyme IDH1 converts it to 2- hydroxyglutarate. This enzyme is present in high concentration in patients suffering from brain cancer (glioblastoma).

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Chapter 9, Problem 6Q

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Determining the structure of 2-hydroxyglutarate by reviewing the structures of isocitrate and alpha-ketoglutarate.

Introduction:

The citric acid cycle (or Krebs cycle) is a biochemical pathwa, yhich involves a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that results in the generation of high-energy compounds. Isocitrate and alpha-ketoglutarate are two of its intermediate products. The normal enzyme, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), converts isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate. However, the mutated enzyme IDH1 converts it to 2- hydroxyglutarate. This enzyme is present in high concentration in patients suffering from brain cancer (glioblastoma).

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A mutated IDH1 isoenzyme is found in a high percentage of a type of brain cancer called glioblastoma. Instead of converting isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate, mutated IDH1 converts its substrate to 2-hydroxyglutarate, a circumstance that disrupts the citric acid cycle, among other effects. Review the structures of isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate and determine the structure of 2- hydroxyglutarate

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